Perennial plants live for more than two years and continue to grow and reproduce over multiple seasons. Their above-ground parts may persist year-round or die back seasonally, depending on the species.
Introduction Kachnar (Bauhinia variegata) is a deciduous ornamental and multipurpose tree distinguished by its orchid-like flowers, a defining trait within the family Fabaceae. It is native to the Indian subcontinent and parts of Southeast Asia, where it thrives in subtropical…
Introduction Dioscorea alata, commonly known as Purple Yam, is a tuber-forming vine in the family Dioscoreaceae, valued for its vividly pigmented storage organs. The species is widely cultivated across tropical and subtropical regions, with a probable origin in Southeast Asia…
Introduction Terminalia bellirica, commonly known as Baheda, is a large deciduous tree belonging to the family Combretaceae, native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is most notable for its fruit, a key component of the traditional herbal formulation…
INTRODUCTION Colocasia esculenta, widely known as taro, is a tropical root crop distinguished by its starchy underground corm, which serves as a major carbohydrate source across Asia, Africa, and the Pacific. A member of the Araceae family, it is among…
Introduction Solenostemon rotundifolius, commonly known as Chinese potato, is a tuber-forming herbaceous species in the mint family (Lamiaceae). Unlike true potatoes in the family Solanaceae, it produces edible underground tubers from swollen stolons rather than stem tubers. Its greatest agricultural…
Introduction Justicia adhatoda, commonly known as the Vasaka Plant, is one of the most important medicinal shrubs in the family Acanthaceae, recognised globally for its alkaloid-rich leaves, especially vasicine and vasicinone, which are pharmacologically significant in respiratory medicine. Native to…
Introduction Ficus microcarpa, commonly known as the Chinese Banyan Tree, is a long-lived evergreen tree in the Moraceae family distinguished by its massive crown, extensive aerial roots, and exceptional tolerance of pruning and urban stress. Native to tropical and subtropical…
Introduction Dragon Fruit, botanically Selenicereus undatus, is the most commercially important white-fleshed pitaya and among the most widely cultivated climbing cacti in the world. It belongs to the cactus family Cactaceae and is accepted by Kew POWO as native from…
Amorphophallus paeoniifolius, commonly known as Elephant Foot Yam, is most remarkable for its massive underground corm, which serves as both a survival organ and a major food crop. It belongs to the family Araceae and is native to tropical South…
Introduction Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf. is a large, spreading deciduous tree in the family Fabaceae, native to the dry deciduous forests of Madagascar. Commonly known as Gulmohar, Flame Tree, Royal Poinciana, or Flamboyant, this species is celebrated worldwide…